https://doi.org/10.51514/JSTR.6.1.2024.21-32
Raju, Amandeep Singh, Seema Teotia and Nitu Singh
ABSTRACT
This review examines into the latest developments in gas detection utilizing tin dioxide (SnO₂) nanoparticles. These nanoparticles-based gas sensors are crucial for industrial safety and air quality due to their high electrical conductivity and capacity to detect gases at low concentrations. SnO₂ is an n-type semiconductor that is good for electrical and optoelectronic applications because it has additional electrons that improve conductivity and a broad band-gap of roughly 3.6 eV. Because of its large surface area which increases contact with gas molecules, it enhances gas detection.
The review also discusses synthesis processes such as the sol-gel process, hydrothermal synthesis and co-precipitation method which control particle size and form. This article addresses how doping has to improve SnO₂ gas sensing capabilities, including sensitivity and stability. Hybrid sensors which combine SnO₂ with other nanomaterial, improve performance and reaction time compared to pure tin oxide sensors. The review emphasizes the potential of SnO₂ nanoparticles in improving gas detection systems for diverse applications.
Keywords: Electrical conductivity, electrons, band gap, nanoparticles, gas sensor etc.